Readings in the Madhyama-āgama

An e-learning online course by Bhikkhu Anālayo

Center for Buddhist Studies

University of Hamburg


“Readings in the Madhyama-āgama” is on online course held every summer semester by Bhikkhu Anālayo at the Center for Buddhist Studies of the University of Hamburg. The main purpose of the course is to introduce central themes of early Buddhist thought from an historical-critical perspective through the medium of a comparative study of the early discourses. Extracts from the Madhyama-āgama preserved in Chinese are presented in English translation and compared with their Pāli counterparts. The course follows the order of the discourses in the Madhyama-āgama (MĀ) so as to give the participants an opportunity for a first-hand impression of this collection, so far not available in translation in any European language.

 

The lectures aim at providing those who are relatively new to the early discourses with a first-hand understanding of early Buddhism through textual study of the primary sources. At the same time, the course should also be of interest to those who, being already well familiar with the Pāli canon, are interested in the differences and similarities between the Pāli discourses and parallel versions transmitted by other Buddhist traditions. In the present case, the parallels taken into consideration are from the Madhyama-āgama translated into Chinese towards the end of the 4th century, a collection that with considerable probability stems from a Sarvāstivāda line of transmission.

 

Although following the lectures requires a basic acquaintance with central ideas of Buddhism, there are no language requirements apart from a reasonable degree of fluency in English. During the course, participants will regularly need to consult the following monograph: Bhikkhu Bodhi (ed.) 2000 (first publ.): The Middle Length Discourses, Boston: Wisdom.

 

2012: The Arahant and the Four Truths

 in Early Buddhist Discourse

 

Registration for the course held in the summer semester 2012 has been completed. Besides being held at the University of Hamburg, the course is also part of the MA curriculum at the Sri Lanka International Buddhist Academy and the Sati Institute for Theravāda Studies, California.

 

Dates: The beginning of the 2012 e-learning course has been adjusted in order to conform better to the semester duration at the above mentioned institutes. The first lecture will be on the 3rd of May at 2.15 CEST, continuing with lectures every Thursday at 2.15 CEST until the 19th of July. Students who have enrolled for the course and received password access to the course site are able to view the lectures in video mode or listen to the audio recordings at any time of convenience during the week that follows the actual lecture, as well as to participate in the discussions that take place on a blog available for participants at the e-learning platform of the University of Hamburg. 

 

Syllabus: The course held in 2012 will proceed through the third and fourth chapter of the Madhyama-āgama. Several discourses in this section of the Madhyama-āgama are related to the topics of "the arahant" and "the four (noble) truths", wherefore these themes that will be taken up for additional examination during the course. The discourses to be studied are as follows:

 

MĀ 21 Discourse on an Even Mind (等心經)

Pāli Parallel: untitled (AN 2.4.5), PTS ed. AN I 63

view translation of AN 2.4.5 by Hare

 

MĀ 22 Discourse on Being Accomplished in Virtue (成就戒經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Cessation (AN 5.166), Nirodha-sutta, PTS ed. AN III 192

view translation of AN 5.166 by Hare

 

MĀ 23 Discourse on Wisdom (智經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse to Kaḷāra (SN 12.32), Kaḷāra-sutta, PTS ed. SN II 50

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Connected Discourses) pp. 567-571

 

MĀ 24 Discourse on the Lion's Roar (師子吼經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Lion's Roar (AN 9.11), Sīhanāda-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 373

view translation of AN 9.11 by Hare

 

MĀ 25 Discourse on Water Similes ()

Pāli Parallel: Second Discourse on Overcoming Aversion (AN 5.162), Dutiya-āghātapaṭivinaya-sutta, PTS ed. AN III 186

view translation of AN 5.162 by Hare

 

MĀ 26 Discourse on Gulissāni (瞿尼師經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Gulissāni (MN 69), Gulissāni-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 469

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 572-576

 

MĀ 27 Discourse to the Brahmin Dhānañjāni (梵志陀然經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse to Dhānañjāni (MN 97), Dhānañjāni-sutta, PTS ed. MN II 184

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 791-797

 

MĀ 28 Discourse on Teaching the Sick (教化病經)

Pāli Parallel: First Discourse on Anāthapiṇḍika (SN 55.26), Paṭhama-Anāthapiṇḍika-sutta, PTS ed. SN V 380

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Connected Discourses) pp. 1816-1819

 

MĀ 29 Discourse by Mahākoṭṭhita (大拘絺羅經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Right View (MN 9), Sammādiṭṭhi-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 46

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 132-144

 

MĀ 30 Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint (象跡)

Pāli Parallel: Greater Discourse on the Simile of the Elephant's Footprint (MN 28), Mahāhatthipadopama-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 184

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 278-285

 

MĀ 31 Discourse on an Analysis of the Noble Truths (分別聖諦經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on an Analysis of the Truths (MN 141), Saccavibhaṅga-sutta, PTS ed. MN III 248

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 1097-1101

 

MĀ 32 Discourse on Wonderful and Marvelous Qualities (未曾有法)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Wonderful and Marvelous (MN 123), Acchariya-abbhūta-sutta, PTS ed. MN III 118

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 979-984

 

MĀ 33 Discourse on the Attendant (侍者)

no Pāli Parallel (cf. Th 1018-1050)

 

MĀ 34 Discourse by Bakkula (薄拘羅)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse by Bakkula (MN 124), Bakkula-sutta, PTS ed. MN III 124

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Length Discourses) pp. 985-988

 

MĀ 35 Discourse to an Asura (阿修羅)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse to Pahārāda (AN 8.19), Pahārāda-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 197

view translation of AN 8.19 by Hare

 

MĀ 36 Discourse on Earthquakes (地動)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Earthquakes (AN 8.70), Bhūmicala-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 308

view translation of AN 8.70 by Hare

 

MĀ 37 Discourse at Campā (瞻波)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Observance Day (AN 8.20), Uposatha-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 204

view translation of AN 8.20 by Hare

 

MĀ 38 Discourse by Ugga (1st) (郁伽長者)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Ugga (AN 8.21-22), Ugga-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 208

view translation of AN 8.21-22 by Hare

 

MĀ 39 Discourse by Ugga (2nd) (郁伽長者)

no Pāli Parallel

 

MĀ 40 Discourse on Hatthaka (1st) (手長者)

Pāli Parallel: Second Discourse on Hatthaka (AN 8.24), Dutiyahatthaka-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 218

view translation of AN 8.24 by Hare

 

MĀ 41 Discourse on Hatthaka (2nd) (手長者)

Pāli Parallel: First Discourse on Hatthaka (AN 8.23), Paṭhamahatthaka-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 216

view translation of AN 8.23 by Hare

 

 

 

 

Course held in 2011:

Purification, Ethics and Karma

  in Early Buddhist Discourse

The lectures held during the summer semester of 2011 covered the first twenty discourses of the Madhyama-āgama. Audio files of the lectures can be audited or downloaded as mp3 files, together with the respective lectures notes as pdfs, at the links given below for each lecture.

 

 

Lecture 1 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 1

 

Lecture 1 covers the first two discourses, MĀ 1 and MĀ 2:

 

MĀ 1 Discourse on Wholesome Qualities (善法經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on [Being One Who] Knows the Dharma (AN 7.64), Dhammaññū-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 113

view translation of AN 7.64 by Hare

view translation of AN 7.64 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

view translation and study of AN 7.64 by Piya Tan

 

MĀ 2 Discourse on the [Celestial] Coral Tree (晝度樹經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the [Celestial] Coral Tree (AN 7.65), Pāricchattaka-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 117,

view translation of AN 7.65 by Hare

 

 

Lecture 2 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 2

 

Lecture 2 covers MĀ 3 and MĀ 4:

 

MĀ 3 Discourse on the Simile of the [Border] Town (喻經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Simile of the Citadel (AN 7.63), Nagaropama-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 106

view translation of AN 7.63 by Hare

 

MĀ 4 Discourse on the Water Simile (喻經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Water Simile (AN 7.15), Udakūpama-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 11

view translation of AN 7.15 by Hare

view translation and study of AN 7.15 by Piya Tan

 

 

Lecture 3 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 3

 

Lecture 3 covers MĀ 5, MĀ 6 and MĀ 7:


MĀ 5 Discourse on the Simile of the Heap of Wood (木積喻經
)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Simile of the Heap of Fire (AN 7.68), Aggikkhandhopama-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 128,

view translation of AN 7.68 by Hare

view translation of AN 7.68 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

 

MĀ 6 Discourse on the Destination of a Good Person (善人往經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Destination of a Person (AN 7.52), Purisagati-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 70,

view translation of AN 7.52 by Hare

 

MĀ 7 Discourse on [Sources of] Worldly Merit (世間福經)

no Pāli Parallel

 


Lecture 4 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 4

Lecture 4 covers MĀ 8:

 

MĀ 8 Discourse on Seven Suns (七日經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Seven Suns (AN 7.62), Sattasūriya-sutta, PTS ed. AN IV 100

view translation of AN 7.62 by Hare

 

 

Lecture 5 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 5

Lecture 5 covers MĀ 9:
 

MĀ 9 Discourse on Seven Chariots (七車經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Relay of Chariots (MN 24), Rathavinīta-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 145

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Long Discourses) pp. 240-245

A lecture by Bhikkhu Bodhi on the Pāli version can be found here: MN 24

 

 

Lecture 6 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 6

Lecture 6 covers MĀ 10:


MĀ 10 Discourse on the Cessation of the Influxes (
漏盡經
)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on All the Influxes (MN 2), Sabbāsava-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 6

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Long Discourses) pp. 91-96

Lectures by Bhikkhu Bodhi on the Pāli version can be found here:

MN 2a, MN 2b, MN 2c, MN 2d

 

 

Lecture 7 audio file

pdf notes to lecture 7

Lecture 7 covers MĀ 11:


MĀ 11 Discourse on the Simile of the [Grain] of Salt (
)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Grain of Salt (AN 3.99), Loṇakaphala-sutta, PTS ed. AN I 249,

view translation of AN 3.99 by Hare

view translation of AN 3.99 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

view translation and study of AN 3.99 by Piya Tan

 

Lecture 8 audio files

pdf notes to lecture 8

Lecture 8 covers MĀ 12, MĀ 13 and MĀ 14:

 

MĀ 12 Discourse to Vappa (破經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse to Vappa (AN 4.195), Vappa-sutta, PTS ed. AN II 196,

view translation of AN 4.195 by Hare

 

MĀ 13 The Discourse on [Tenets to be] Transcended (度經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on Tenets (AN 3.61), Titthāyatanāni-sutta, PTS ed. AN I 173,

view translation of AN 3.61 by Hare

view translation of AN 3.61 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

view translation and study of AN 3.61 by Piya Tan


MĀ 14 Discourse to Rāhula (
羅云經
)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on an Advice to Rāhula at Ambalaṭṭhikā (MN 61), Ambalaṭṭhikārāhulovāda-sutta, PTS ed. MN I 414,

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Long Discourses) pp. 523-526

A lecture by Bhikkhu Bodhi on the Pāli version can be found here: MN 61

 

 

Lecture 9 audio files

pdf notes to lecture 9

Lecture 9 covers MĀ 15 and MĀ 16:


MĀ 15 Discourse on Intention (
思經)

Pāli Parallel: Discourse on the Body Made of Deeds (AN 10.208), Karajakāya-sutta (alternative title in PTS trsl.: The Brahma-moods) PTS ed. AN V 299,

view translation of AN 10.208 by Hare

view translation and study of AN 10.208 by Piya Tan

 

MĀ 16 Discourse to the Kālāmas (伽藍經)

Pāli Parallel: Kesamutti-sutta (AN 3.65), PTS ed. AN I 188

view translation of AN 3.65 by Hare

view translation of AN 3.65 by Bhikkhu Soma

view translation of AN 3.65 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

view translation and study of AN 3.65 by Piya Tan

A lecture by Bhikkhu Bodhi on the Pāli version can be found here: AN 3.65

 

Lecture 10 audio files

pdf notes to lecture 10

Lecture 10 covers MĀ 17 and MĀ 18:

 

MĀ 17 Discourse to Gāmaṇi (伽彌尼經)

Pāli Parallel: Asibandhakaputta-sutta, (SN 42.6), (alternative title in PTS ed.: Pacchābhūmako-sutta), PTS ed. SN IV 311,

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Connected Discourses) pp. 1336-8

view translation of SN 42.6 by Bhikkhu Thanissaro

 

MĀ 18 Discourse to Sīha (師子經)

Pāli Parallel: Sīha-sutta (AN 8.12), PTS ed. AN IV 179,

view translation of AN 8.12 by Hare

 

 

Lecture 11 audio files

pdf notes to lecture 11

Lecture 11 covers MĀ 19 and MĀ 20:

 

MĀ 19 Discourse on the Nigaṇṭhas (尼乾經)

Pāli Parallel: Devadaha-sutta (MN 101), PTS ed. MN II 214,

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Middle Long Discourses) pp. 827-838

 

MĀ 20 Discourse to Pāṭaliya (波羅牢經)

Pāli Parallel: Pāṭaliya–sutta, (SN 42.13), PTS ed. SN IV 340,

please consult translation by Bhikkhu Bodhi (Connected Discourses) pp. 1359-1371